Secondary Action vs Follow Through vs Overlapping action

I went through the Kevin Koch article mentioned by Jeff - and I was trying to find an example to confirm if I got the concepts right.

Here is a clip I pulled from Pinocchio - This is where Jiminy cricket is running late, trying to track Pinocchio on his way to school.



The primary action is running.

The secondary action is all the 'stage business' like his sigh, nodding his head, wearing his hat/jacket etc detailing out that he is hurried and nervous.

The follow through is seen in his jacket, scarf, undershirt - as he runs, they follow through and when he stops - the end of the jacket continues to follow through a little. The trailing parts stop after the main body. Or as The Illusion of life explains - Lagging parts follow the lead part.

Follow through is also seen in his arms and legs when they swing along as he jumps/skips - they follow through on the rhythm of the torso.

Overlapping action : One action starts before the other action stops.

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I would say overlapping action is when an action CONTINUES after the main motion ceases, or changes momentum (decellerates sharply). The continuing paragraph seems to talk more about secondary ACTION.
Great thinking Sonia, and thanks for posting a clip with analysis. A+ for class participation this week.
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Say for instance, they could have animated Jiminy wearing his hat and coat quickly then running - but it was more interesting to see him wear his hat/coat/scarf WHILE he was running. Or the way he doesn't blink -talk-blink like a robot. Instead he would blink while saying he's late, while he brings up his hands to tie his scarf.

There is so much of secondary action, follow through and overlap in this clip - I have watched it a 100 times and still notice something new each time!

I used to key all my controls in Maya from A to B, and now I realize it's so DEAD unless we offset keys and give all individual parts the time and path to move according to their relation with each other. The pendulum exercise is a good way to clarify these concepts!